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[Geographic Situation] On the east coast of Eurasia and the southern
tip of Liaodong peninsular in northeast China, Dalian stretches from
120°58' to 123°31' east longitude and 38°43' to 40°10'
north latitude, with the Yellow Sea on the east, Bohai Sea on the
west, facing the Shandong peninsular across the sea on the south and
backed up by the vast Northeast Plain on the north. Dalian is the
marine gateway of northeast China, North China.
East China and the whole world. It is also
an important port, and a trade, industry and tourism city.
Dalian covers an area of 12574 square kilometers, among which 2415
square kilometers of area is the old city. This area abounds with
mountains and hills, while plains and lowlands are rarely seen. The
terrain, high and broad on the north, low and narrow on the south,
tilts to the Yellow Sea on the southeast and the Bohai Sea on the
northwest from the center. The region which faces the Yellow Sea is
long and gentle. The Qianshan Mountain range of Chang Baishan Mountain
system passes through the whole region from north to south. Mountain
regions and long eroded foothills are widely dispersed within the
region. Plains and lowlands are only interspersed near the confluence
and in some valleys. Kast topography and sea erosion topography are
everywhere.
[Climate] Dalian lies in the warm temperate zone
of the North Hemisphere, with maritime feature of warm temperate continental
monsoon climate. Thus, its four seasons are distinct with neither
extremely cold weather in winter nor extremely hot weather in summer.
The average temperature of the year is 10.5°C, the rainfall of
the year is 550 to 950 millimeters and the whole year sunshine is
2500 to 2800 hours.
[Water Resources] There are mainly two large river systems,
the Yellow Sea system and the Bohai Sea system. The large rivers which
flow into the Yellow Sea are Biliu River, Yingna River, Zhuanghe River,
Xiezi River, Dasha River, Dengsha River, Qingshui River, and Malan
River, etc. while the main rivers which flow into the Bohai Sea are
Fuzhou River, Li Guancun River, San Shilipu River. Among them, the
largest one is Biliu River, the source river of cross-valley water
diversion. In addition, there are more than 200 small rivers. The
total amount of fresh water resource is 3.786 billion cubic meters,
among which 3.42 billion cubic meters of water is ground water, 88.4
million cubic meters of water is underground water and 58 million
cubic meters of water is shared by them both.
[Administrative
Divisions] Dalian has 3 county-level cities (Wa Fangdian
city, Pu Landian city and Zhuanghe city), 1 county (Changhai county)
and 6 districts (Zhongshan district, Xigang district, Sha Hekou district,
Gan Jingzi district, Lu Shunkou district and Jinzhou district). In
addition, there are 4 state-level leading areas for opening up (the
Development Zone, the Free Trade Zone, the Hi-Tech Industrial Zone
and the Golden Pebble Beach National Holiday Resort.)
[Total Volume
of Economy] It is preliminarily calculated that the GDP of 2006 was 256.97 billion Yuan, 16.5% higher than that of previous year.
[Fiscal Taxation] In 2006, the regular budget income in local finance was 19.61 billion Yuan, increased by 29.5% than that of the previous year. The national tax added up to 16.204 billion Yuan, increased by 18.1%. The local tax is 14.826 billion Yuan, increased by 23.2% ;
[Price Index] In 2006, Dalian resident consumer price index was 101.4. Among which consumer goods price index 101.2 and amusement and service item price index were 102.3.
In 2006 , the total investment in the fixed assets of the whole society was 146.95 billion Yuan, increased by 32.3% than that of the previous year, a record high of the recent 12 years. Among them, the investment by cities and counties was 120.3 billion Yuan, increased by 31.6% and the rural 26.58 billion Yuan, increased by 35.9%.
[Features] 1. The growth rate of the investment of more than half the counties(cities) overpassed the average of the whole city.
2. Civil economy became the main drive of the investment growth.
3. The support of the big projects obviously strengthened.
[Real Estate Development] In 2006, the investment on the real estate exploitation reached 26.53 billion Yuan, increased by 27.1%, 32.1% slower than that of the infrastructure projects. Rural Economy In 2006, agricultural restructuring has made rapid and constant development. The total output at present value created by agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 39.05 billion Yuan, 13.9% higher than that of the previous year. Industrial Economy In 2006, the added value of industry was 105.8 billion Yuan, increased by 20.8% according to comparable price. Foreign Trade and Economy [Use of Foreign Capital] In 2006, the actually utilized foreign direct investment was 2.245 billion US dollars, up 124.1%.
From January to December, the total value of import and export reached 31.796 billion US dollars, increased by 24.3%, among which the value of the import was 14.538 billion US dollars, increased by 23.1%, and that of the export reached 17.258 billion US dollars, increased by 25.4%. [Tourism, Conventions and Exhibitions] In 2006, the total overseas tourists received amounted to 700 thousand the whole year, with a foreign exchange revenue in travel of 465 million US dollars, and a total income of 26 billion Yuan.
In 2006, 119 large exhibitions were held in Dalian.
[Communications and Transportation ] In 2006, communications and transportation grew rapidly and steadily.
From January to December, the commodity turnovers achieved 256.2 billion ton kilometers, increased by 29.6% than the previous year. The goods turnover in the ports reached 252.3 billion tons, increased by 30.2%, the passengers' throughput reached 12.3 billion, increased by 11.8%. In the airport, the commodities' throughput reached 145.1 thousand tons, increased by 12.4%; the passengers' throughput reached 6.351 million, increased by 17.5%. Population and Employment In 2006, the number of urban employees reached 5.72 million. |
As early as 6000 years ago, our ancestors first exploited Dalian region. In Qin and Han period (221B.C.-220A.D.), Dalian region was under the jurisdiction of Liaodong county. In the early period of Tang Dynasty (618-907), Dalian region was under the jurisdiction of Andong Prefecture in Jili state, and in Liao Dynasty (916-1125), it was under the jurisdiction of Dong Jing Tong Liaoyang county. Dalian was named Sanshan in the period of Weijin (220-420), San Shanpu in Tang Dynasty (618-907), Sanshan Seaport in Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and Qing Niwakou in Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). In the 1880's, Qing government constructed loading bridges and fortifications with built-in cannons, and set up mine camps in the northern coast of Dalian gulf, making it become a small town. After the invasion and occupation of Russia, the city was called Qing Niwa and was renamed Dalian in 1899.During the 1st and 2nd Opium War, Dalian was invaded and harassed by the British army. As the main battlefield of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 and Japanese-Russian War, Dalian suffered great calamity in these two wars in modern history. Consequently, Dalian became Russian and Japanese colony for nearly half a century, meanwhile under the Japanese colonial rule for 40 years. The unconditional surrender of Japan on August of 1945 marks the liberation of Dalian in the anti-fascist war, thus ends 40 years'colonial rule over the city. On September of the same year, the Preparatory Committee of Dalian Workers' Union was founded. On October, the northeast bureau of the Communist Party of China appointed Mr. Hanguan secretary of the CPC Dalian Committee, and the CPC Dalian Committee and Dalian municipal government were founded. On July of 1946, the CPC Dalian Committee was reorganized into the CPC Lvda committee. From 1949 to 1956, the socialist transformation was almost finished. From 1957 to 1966, the all-around socialist construction started. From 1966 to 1976, Dalian experienced the Cultural Revolution. After 1976, Dalian entered the new period of socialist modernization construction. In 1984, Dalian was approved by the State Council to be the coastal open-up city and was designated as the city with separate economic plan in 1985, enjoying provincial level decision-making authority.